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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2024-15-3-48-57</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-1021</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Компьютерная томография при острой травме орбит у детей: ретроспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Computed tomography of acute orbital trauma in children: a retrospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-0467-6225</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Очилов</surname><given-names>А. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ochilov</surname><given-names>A. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Очилов Амир Равшанович — младший научный сотрудник </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Amir R. Ochilov — Jr. Researcher </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ochilovar@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3235-8854</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ахадов</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhadov</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ахадов Толибджон Абдуллаевич — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, руководитель отдела лучевых методов диагностики </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tolibjon A. Akhadov — Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Radiation Diagnostic Methods </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akhadov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6940-4535</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeeva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеева Анна Вячеславовна — детский хирург  </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Timofeeva — pediatric surgeon </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TimofeevaAV4@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6124-5410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зайцева</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zajtseva</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зайцева Екатерина Сергеевна — врач-рентгенолог отдела лучевых методов диагностики </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina S. Zajtseva — radiologist, Department of Radiation Diagnostic Methods </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zajtsevaes2@zdrav.mos.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4709-9461</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Божко</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bozhko</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Божко Ольга Васильевна — кандидат медицинских наук, ведущий научный сотрудник отдела лучевых методов диагностики </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga V. Bozhko — Cand. of Sci. (Med.), leading researcher at the Department of Radiation Diagnostic Methods </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bozhko_olga@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4627-9874</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ублинский</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ublinsky</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ублинский Максим Вадимович — кандидат биологических наук, старший научный сотрудник  </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim V. Ublinsky — Cand. of Sci. (Biol.), senior researcher </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">maxublinsk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1260-4509</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитренко</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrenko</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитренко Дмитрий Михайлович — заведующий рентгеновским отделением </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy M. Dmitrenko — Head of Rg Department </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8016-0853</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воронкова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voronkova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воронкова Елена Валерьевна — научный сотрудник </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Voronkova — researcher </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena_voronkova13@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1319-3480</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савицкая</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savitskaya</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Савицкая Анна Николаевна — врач-рентгенолог отдела лучевых методов диагностики </p><p>119180, Москва, ул. Большая Полянка, д. 22 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna N. Savitskaya — radiologist, Department of Radiation Diagnostic Methods </p><p>119180, Moscow, st. Bolshaya Polyanka, 22 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">savi.2021@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт неотложной детской хирургии и травматологии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical and Research Institute of Emergency Pediatric Surgery and Traumatology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Очилов А.Р., Ахадов T.A., Тимофеева А.В., Зайцева Е.С., Божко О.В., Ублинский М.В., Дмитренко Д.М., Воронкова Е.В., Савицкая А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Очилов А.Р., Ахадов T.A., Тимофеева А.В., Зайцева Е.С., Божко О.В., Ублинский М.В., Дмитренко Д.М., Воронкова Е.В., Савицкая А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ochilov A.R., Akhadov T.A., Timofeeva A.V., Zajtseva E.S., Bozhko O.V., Ublinsky M.V., Dmitrenko D.M., Voronkova E.V., Savitskaya A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1021">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1021</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Орбитальные повреждения составляют от 36 до 64% от всей тупой травмы костей лица. Диагностика переломов стенок орбиты проводится с помощью рентгенографии в нескольких проекциях и компьютерной томографии, реже применяется магнитно-резонансная томография. Часто из-за малого смещения отломков костей орбиты рентгенологическая диагностика затруднена. Мультиспиральная КТ с реконструкцией в сагиттальной и корональной проекциях и трехмерной (3D) реконструкцией предоставляет оптимальную и всеобъемлющую визуальную информацию о повреждении костных структур орбиты. Однако до сих пор нет четких показаний к применению каждого метода и нет полной картины КТ-характеристик повреждения орбиты.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: Изучить диагностическую значимость компьютерной томографии при переломах орбиты у педиатрических пациентов при острой травме.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Ретро- и проспективно для оценки сочетанных повреждений орбиты с 01.01.2023 г. по 01.09.2023 г. проанализированы результаты КТ головы 94 пациентов с переломами лицевого черепа. У 63 детей (67,0%) выявлены переломы орбиты. Мальчиков было 44 (69,84%), девочек — 19 (30,15%), возраст — от 7 мес до 17 лет 10 мес (средний возраст 10,3 года). Cтатистика: Для статистического анализа использовалась методика расчета номинальной корреляции с использованием коэффициента Крамера (V) при помощи программного пакета IBM SPSS Statistics.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: Сочетанная травма наблюдалась у 30 (47,6%); изолированная — у 33 (52,36%). Количество и частота наблюдаемых переломов были следующими: верхняя стенка орбиты — 39 (61,9%); скуловой комплекс — 19 (30,1%); нижняя стенка орбиты — 43 (68,2%); носовая кость — 17 (26,9%); нижняя челюсть — 6 (9,5%); медиальная стенка орбиты — 28 (44,4%); верхняя челюсть — 27 (42,8%); альвеолярный отросток — 6 (9,5%); изолированная скуловая дуга — 14 (22,2%); Ле-Фор I — 1 (1,5%); Ле-Фор II — 2 (3,1%); и Ле-Фор III — 0 (0%). Гематомы орбиты были обнаружены у 25 пациентов (39,6%). Установлена сильная корреляционная связь между наличием смежных переломов черепа и множественных переломов черепа (V=0,878, p&lt;0,001), переломов лобной пазухи и гемосинусом лобной пазухи (V=0,69, p&lt;0,001).</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ. Переломы орбиты являются частым видом переломов лица, возникающие у детей при тупой изолированной и сочетанной травме. У детей с тупыми травмами КТ головы в сочетании с клиническим обследованием в настоящее время является оптимальным инструментом диагностики клинически значимых травм орбит. Имеется сильная корреляция между орбитальными гематомами и переломами свода орбиты, орбитальными гематомами и решетчатыми переломами, смежными переломами черепа и свода орбиты и смежными переломами черепа и решетчатой кости. Обследование с помощью КТ должно включать мультипланарные (в корональной и сагиттальной плоскостях) и 3D-реконструкции, которые помогают оценивать протяженность перелома, наличие диастаза, степень ущемления мышц. Исходя из полученных данных клиницист определяет необходимость оперативного вмешательства.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION: Orbital injuries account for 36 to 64% of all blunt trauma to the facial bones. Diagnosis of orbital wall fractures is carried out using conventional radiography in several projections and computed tomography; magnetic resonance imaging is less commonly used. Often, due to the small displacement of orbital bone fragments, X-ray diagnosis is difficult. Multislice CT with reconstruction of sagittal, coronal projections and 3D in the bone window in such cases is the best visualization method. However, there are still no clear indications for the use of each method and there is no complete view of the CT characteristics of orbital damage.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE: To study the diagnostic value of computed tomography of orbital fractures in pediatric patients with acute trauma.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIAL AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retro- and prospectively analyzed the results of CT scans of 94 patients with facial fractures from 01/01/2023 to 09/01/2023 to assess combined orbital injuries. Orbital fractures were detected in 63 children (67.0%). There were 44 boys (69.84%), 19 girls (30.15%) aged from 7 months to 17 years 10 months (average age 10.3). Statistics: For statistical analysis, the method of calculating the nominal correlation using the Kramer coefficient (V) using the IBM SPSS Statistics software package was used.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Concomitant injury was observed in 30 (47.6%); isolated 33 (52.36%). The number and frequency of fractures observed were as follows: superior wall of the orbit — 39 (61.9%); zygomatic complex — 19 (30.1%); lower wall of the orbit — 43 (68.2%); nasal bone — 17 (26.9%); lower jaw — 6 (9.5%); medial wall of the orbit — 28 (44.4%); upper jaw — 27 (42.8%); alveolar process — 6 (9.5%); isolated zygomatic arch — 14 (22.2%); Le Fort type I — 1 (1.5%); Le Fort type II — 2 (3.1%); and Le Fort type III — 0 (0%). Orbital hematomas were found in 25 patients (39.6%). It was revealed a strong correlation between the presence of contiguous skull fractures and multiple skull fractures (V=0.878, p&lt;0.001), frontal sinus fractures and frontal sinus hemosinus (V=0.69, p&lt;0.001).</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: Orbital fractures are a frequent type of facial fracture occurring in children with blunt isolated and combined trauma. In children with blunt trauma, head CT combined with clinical examination is currently the optimal tool for diagnosing clinically significant orbital injuries. There is a strong correlation between orbital hematomas and orbital vault fractures, orbital hematomas and lattice fractures, adjacent skull and orbital vault fractures, and adjacent skull and lattice fractures. CT examination should include multiplanar (in coronal and sagittal planes) and 3D reconstructions, which help to assess the extent of the fracture, the presence of diastasis, the degree of muscle impingement. Based on the data obtained, the clinician determines the need for surgical intervention.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>травма</kwd><kwd>орбиты</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>переломы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>trauma</kwd><kwd>orbits</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>fractures</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николаенко В.П., Астахов В.П. Часть 1. Эпидемиология и классификация орбитальных переломов. Клиника и диагностика переломов нижней стенки орбиты // Офтальмологические ведомости. 2009. Т. 2, № 2. С. 56–70</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nikolaenko V.P., Astahov V.P. Part 1. Epidemiology and classification of orbital fractures. Clinic and diagnosis of fractures of the lower wall of the orbit. 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