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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2016-1-25-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ,ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОМПЬЮТЕРНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ ТРУПА: ПРОБЛЕМА ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ СПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИХ И НЕСПЕЦИФИЧЕСКИХ АРТЕФАКТОВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>FEATURES OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY AUTOPSY: THE PROBLEM OF INTERPRETATION OF SPECIFIC AND NONSPECIFIC ARTIFACTS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуброва</surname><given-names>Софья Эриковна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrova</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Dubrovamoniki@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вишнякова</surname><given-names>Мария Валентиновна</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vishnyakova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кинле</surname><given-names>Александр Федорович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kinle</surname><given-names>A. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kinle-alexandr@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Филимонов</surname><given-names>Борис Александрович</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filimonov</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">filimonov@hpmp.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М. Ф. Владимирского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>M. F. Vladimirsky Moscow Regional Research Clinical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российская медицинская академия последипломного образования</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>25</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дуброва С.Э., Вишнякова М.В., Кинле А.Ф., Филимонов Б.А., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дуброва С.Э., Вишнякова М.В., Кинле А.Ф., Филимонов Б.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dubrova S.E., Vishnyakova M.V., Kinle A.F., Filimonov B.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/106">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/106</self-uri><abstract><p>В обзоре литературы проанализированы исследования по проблеме посмертной компьютерной томографии (ПМКТ) в качестве альтернативы традиционному вскрытию в судебно-медицинской экспертизе трупов взрослых лиц. Основная цель обзора - дать краткий анализ особенностей посмертной КТ-визуализации, с которыми не сталкиваются клинические рентгенологи в своей практической деятельности. Представлен анализ 77 источников литературы. При подготовке обзора были использованы основные интернет-ресурсы: научная электронная библиотека (elibrary), SciVerse (ScienceDirect), Scopus, PubMed и Discover. В обзор включены статьи, в которых обсуждались как преимущества, так и ограничения ПМКТ в судебно-медицинской экспертизе трупов взрослых лиц, а также особенности посмертной КТ-визуализации наиболее часто встречающихся патологических процессов и артефактов. Выявлено, что ранние и поздние трупные изменения, такие как окоченение, аутолиз, гнилостные и другие посмертные процессы, в значительной степени меняют «норму» при КТ-визуализации к которой привыкли клинические рентгенологи. В частности, при интерпретации КТ-изображений трупа следует учитывать часто встречающиеся специфические и неспецифические артефакты, к которым приводят: свертки и седиментация крови в полостях сердца и крупных сосудах, посмертная аспирация содержимого желудка в воздухоносные пути, эзофаго- и гастромаляция, трупные пятна и гипостазы во внутренних органах, уплотнение стенок аорты, расширение правых отделов сердца, нарушение дифференцировки между серым и белым веществом головного мозга, гнилостные газы в сосудах, органах и тканях, и многие другие. Указанные артефакты не являются патологическими находками и должны быть обязательно учтены при интерпретации посмертных КТ-изображений.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The literature review analyzes studies on postmortem CT as an alternative to the conventional autopsy in forensic examination of the bodies of an adults. The main objective of the review is to give a brief analysis of the characteristics of post-mortem CT imaging, which do not face the clinical radiologists in their practice. The analysis comes up with 72 literature sources. The basic Internet resources were used during preparation of the study: Scientific Electronic Library (elibrary), SciVerse (ScienceDirect), Scopus, PubMed, and Discover. The review includes articles which discuss both the advantages and limitations of CT in the posthumous forensic examination of the bodies of an adults, and especially post-mortem CT imaging the most common pathological processes and artefacts. Conclusions. Early and late postmortem changes, such as rigor, autolysis, putrefaction and others largely change the normal pattern in CT imaging clinical radiologists are used to. In particular, the interpretation of CT images of the corpse must consider common specific and non-specific artefacts which result from: agonal changes (alteration in anatomical appearance, decomposition); autolysis, putrefaction; regurgitation of gastro-intestinal contents, aspiration; lividity and hypostasis; postmortem blood clotting; resuscitation effects; postmortem handling/autopsy technique; insect activity; and many others. These artefacts are not pathological findings, and should always be taken into account when interpreting the postmortem CT images.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>посмертная визуализация</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография трупа</kwd><kwd>специфические и неспецифические посмертные изменения</kwd><kwd>forensic radiology</kwd><kwd>virtopsy</kwd><kwd>postmortem imaging</kwd><kwd>computed tomography autopsy</kwd><kwd>specific and nonspecific postmortem signs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wullenweber R., Schneider V., Grumme T. A computer-tomographical examination of cranial bullet wounds // Z. Rechtsmed.- 1977.- Vol. 80.- Р 227-246.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wullenweber R., Schneider V., Grumme T. A computer-tomographical examination of cranial bullet wounds // Z. 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