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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2025-16-2-48-55</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-1098</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка состояния рубца на матке после операции кесарева сечения с использованием магнитно-резонансной томографии при диагностике «ниши»: ретроспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Evaluation of the state of the uterine scar after cesarean section using magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of «niche»: a retrospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1674-7753</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорян</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryan</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Григорян Анна Эдуардовна — аспирант кафедры акушерства, гинекологии и неонатологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna E. Grigorian — PhD Student at the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Leo Tolstoy str., 6–8</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Annagrigoryan2112@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7807-4929</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беженарь</surname><given-names>В. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bezhenar</surname><given-names>V. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Беженарь Виталий Федорович — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой акушерства, гинекологии и неонатологии/репродуктологии, руководитель клиники акушерства и гинекологии </p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6–8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vitaly F. Bezhenar — Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Neonatology/Reproductology, Head of the Clinic of Obstetrics and Gynecology</p><p>197022, St. Petersburg, Leo Tolstoy str., 6–8</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bez-vitaly@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4871-2341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимова</surname><given-names>Т. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimova</surname><given-names>T. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Трофимова Татьяна Николаевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, член-корреспондент Российской академии наук, профессор кафедры рентгенологии и  радиационной медицины</p><p> 197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana N. Trofimova  — Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor of the Department of Radiology and Radiation Medicine</p><p>197376, St. Petersburg, Academician Pavlov Str., 9</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5682-7900</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Егоров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Egorov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Егоров Андрей Владиславович — врач-рентгенолог, заведующий отделением МРТ</p><p>197376, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Павлова, д. 9; 190000, Санкт-Петербург, Литейный пр., д. 55А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei Egorov Vasilevich — radiologist, Head of MRI Department</p><p>197376, St. Petersburg, Academician Pavlov Str., 9; 190000, St. Petersburg, Liteinyi Prospekt, 55А</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dr.av.egorov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова; клиника ООО «НМЦ-Томография»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University; «OOO NMC-Tomographiya»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>24</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>55</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Григорян А.Э., Беженарь В.Ф., Трофимова Т.Н., Егоров А.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Григорян А.Э., Беженарь В.Ф., Трофимова Т.Н., Егоров А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Grigoryan A.E., Bezhenar V.F., Trofimova T.N., Egorov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1098">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1098</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Увеличение частоты операции кесарева сечения ведет к росту количества послеоперационных осложнений. Одним из осложнений является формирование так называемой «ниши» рубца на матке. Для выбора подходящей тактики ведения пациентов на предгравидарном этапе необходима тщательная оценка состояния зоны послеоперационного рубца.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение эффективности оценки состояния рубца на матке с формированием «ниши» после операции кесарева сечения с использованием магнитно-резонансной томографии.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Ретроспективно проанализированы 63 МРТ малого таза (1,5/3,0 Тл) пациенток 18–45 лет с «нишей» рубца после кесарева сечения с толщиной остаточного миометрия&lt; 3 мм. Двумя специалистами-радиологами произведена оценка различных морфометрических параметров рубца в  Т2-режиме. Измерение параметров рубца осуществлялось в  программе RadiAnt DICOM Viewer. Статистический анализ проводился с  использованием программы StatTech v. 4.8.0 (разработчик — ООО «Статтех», Россия).</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: По данным проведенного анализа МР-исследований остаточная толщина миометрия составила 2,5 (2,0; 3,0) мм, медианное значение глубины «ниши» составило 5,0 (4,0; 6,2) мм, ширина 8,0 (6,0; 12,0) мм, длина «ниши» 9,5 (7,0; 12,0) мм (n=63). Толщина прилежащего миометрия составила 12,0 (10,75; 15,0) мм, расстояние до  наружного зева 28,0 (24,0; 30,0) мм. Распространенность незначительных дефектов рубца составила 85,7% (54/63), значительные дефекты рубца наблюдались у 14,3% (9/63) пациентов. Отмечена значимая обратная корреляционная связь между толщиной миометрия и глубиной «ниши» (rs=–0,256, p&lt; 0,05) и между остаточной толщиной миометрия и длиной «ниши» (rs=–0,160, р=0,21).</p></sec><sec><title>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ</title><p>ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ: Применение магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ) в диагностике рубца на матке обеспечивает высокую точность визуализации и минимизирует субъективные влияния экспертов. МРТ может служить полезным инструментом для прогнозирования эффективности хирургического лечения. Корреляционный анализ продемонстрировал, что более глубокие и протяженные дефекты рубца ассоциированы с уменьшением толщины остаточного миометрия.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: На этапе предгравидарной подготовки важно получить подробные данные о состоянии рубца. Для этого необходимо применять расширенный протокол его измерения. Подробное описание структуры рубца позволит клиницистам принять обоснованное решение о дальнейшей тактике ведения пациентов.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION: The increasing frequency of cesarean section has led to a rise in postoperative complications. One of these complications is the formation of a «niche» in the uterine scar. To determine the appropriate management strategy for patients at the preconception stage, it is essential to thoroughly assess the condition of the postoperative scar.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effectiveness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the condition of the uterine scar niche following cesarean section.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 63 pelvic MRI scans (1.5/3.0 T) of women aged 18– 45 years with a uterine niche after cesarean section (residual myometrial thickness &lt; 3 mm). Two radiologists independently assessed scar morphometric parameters in T2-weighted imaging. Measurements were performed using RadiAnt DICOM Viewer. Statistical analysis was conducted using StatTech v. 4.8.0 (StatTech LLC, Russia).</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: The analysis of MRI data showed that the residual thickness of the myometrium was 2.5 (2.0; 3.0) mm, with the median depth of the «niche» 5.0 (4.0; 6.2) mm, width 8.0 (6.0; 12.0) mm, and length 9.5 (7.0; 12.0) mm (n=63). The thickness of the adjacent myometrium was 12.0 (10.75; 15.0) mm, and the distance to the external cervical os was 28.0 (24.0; 30.0) mm. The prevalence of minor defects in the scar was 85.7% (54/63), while significant defects were observed in 14.3% (9/63) of patients. An inverse correlation was found between the myometrial thickness and the length of the «niche» (rs=–0.160, p=0.21), and between the residual myometrial thickness and the depth of the «niche» (rs=–0.256, p=0.042).</p></sec><sec><title>DISCUSSION</title><p>DISCUSSION: The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the diagnosis of uterine scars provides high visualization accuracy and minimizes subjective influences from experts. MRI can be a useful tool for predicting the effectiveness of surgical treatment. Correlation analysis demonstrated that deeper and longer scar defects are associated with a reduction in the thickness of the residual myometrium.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: During the preconception period, it is crucial to obtain detailed data on the condition of the scar. To achieve this, an extended protocol for measuring the scar should be used. A thorough description of the scar’s structure will help clinicians make informed decisions regarding the further management of patients.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>рубец на матке</kwd><kwd>«ниша» рубца</kwd><kwd>кесарево сечение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>uterine scar</kwd><kwd>«niche» of the scar</kwd><kwd>cesarean section</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dominguez J.A., Pacheco L.A., Moratalla E. et al. Diagnosis and management of isthmocele (Cesarean scar defect): a SWOT analysis // Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2023. Vol. 62, No. 3. Р. 336–44. doi: 10.1002/uog.26171.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dominguez J.A., Pacheco L.A., Moratalla E. et al. 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