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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2025-16-3-7-16</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-1140</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности диагностики пневмоний у детей: обзор</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Features of the diagnosis of pneumonia in children: a review</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4628-6310</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шапина</surname><given-names>М. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shapina</surname><given-names>M. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шапина Майя Константиновна - заведующий отделением, врач-рентгенолог отделения рентгенологии 195248, Санкт-Петербург, пр. Наставников, д. 20 к. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Мaiia K. Shapina  - Head of the Department, radiologist of the Department of Radiology,</p><p>195248, St. Petersburg, ave. Mentors, 20 building 1</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">majyashapina@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8778</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyina</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильина Наталья Александровна - доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики,</p><p>195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., д. 47</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia A. Ilyina - Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor of Radiology Department,</p><p>195067, Piskarevskii str., 47, St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyina-natal@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Детская городская поликлиника № 68</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Children’s City Polyclinic No. 68</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>16</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шапина М.К., Ильина Н.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шапина М.К., Ильина Н.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shapina M.K., Ilyina N.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1140">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/1140</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение: Пневмония - острое инфекционное заболевание, различное по этиологии (преимущественно бактериальное), характеризующееся очаговыми поражениями легких с внутриальвеолярной экссудацией, что проявляется выраженными в различной степени интоксикацией, респираторными нарушениями, локальными физикальными изменениями со стороны легких и наличием инфильтративной тени на рентгенограмме грудной клетки.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: Определить основные перспективные методы лучевой диагностики пневмонии, в том числе рентгенографию органов грудной клетки у детей, на основании теоретического исследования, используя базы данных e-Library и PubMed.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы: Описание изменений в данном исследовании основывается на анализе обследования детей разного возраста с клинической картиной пневмонии, которым проводились рутинная рентгенография, низкодозовая КТ и  УЗИ органов грудной клетки, а  также применялся алгоритм искусственного интеллекта с  целью анализа изменений паренхимы легких, в результате проведенного лучевого исследования.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты: В результате проведенного исследования был сделан вывод о  необходимости мульмодального подхода в диагностике пневмоний у детей, особенностях рентгенологической картины в зависимости от возрастных особенностей, а также подтверждена доступность и информативность рутинной рентгенографии органов грудной клетки у детей разного возраста. Обсуждение: Официально признанный основной метод лучевой диагностики пневмонии, метод рентгенографии, имеет определенные ограничения в интерпретации рентгенологических данных у детей, что требует дальнейшего исследования оптимизации данного метода. В качестве перспективного направления рассматриваются возможности разработки мультимодального подхода с использованием низкодозового КТ, УЗИ органов грудной клетки в диагностике пневмонии у детей, с учетом возраста ребенка и использования нескольких диагностическим критериев.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение: Поиск надежных, достоверных и высокочувствительных методов диагностики пневмонии у детей продолжает оставаться актуальным. Основное место выделяется рутинной рентгенографии органов грудной клетки как самому доступному, информативному и низкодозовому методу лучевой диагностики.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Objective</title><p>Objective: To identify the main promising methods of radiation diagnosis of pneumonia, including chest X-ray in children based on theoretical research using the e-Library and PubMed databases.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and Methods</title><p>Materials and Methods: The description of the changes in this study is based on the analysis of the examination of children of different ages with a clinical picture of pneumonia, who underwent routine radiography, low-dose CT and ultrasound of the chest organs, and an artificial intelligence algorithm was used to analyze changes in the lung parenchyma as a result of the radiation study.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results: As a result of the study, it was concluded that a multimodal approach is necessary in the diagnosis of pneumonia in children, the features of the X-ray picture, depending on age characteristics, and the availability and informativeness of routine chest X-ray in children of different ages was confirmed.</p></sec><sec><title>Discussion</title><p>Discussion: The officially recognized main method of radiation diagnosis of pneumonia, the method of radiography, has certain limitations in the interpretation of radiological data in children, which requires further research into the optimization of this method. As a promising direction, the possibilities of developing a multimodal approach using low-dose CT, ultrasound of the chest organs to diagnose pneumonia in children, taking into account the age of the child and the use of several diagnostic criteria, are considered.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion: The search for reliable, reliable and highly sensitive methods for diagnosing pneumonia in children continues to be relevant. The main place is allocated to routine chest X-ray as the most accessible, informative and low-dose method of radiation diagnosis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмония</kwd><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>диагностика</kwd><kwd>рентгенография грудной клетки</kwd><kwd>компьютерная томография</kwd><kwd>искусственный интеллект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pneumonia</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>chest X-ray</kwd><kwd>computed tomography</kwd><kwd>artificial intelligence</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hassen М., Toma А., Tesfay М. et al. Radiologic Diagnosis and Hospitalization among Children with Severe Community Acquired Pneumonia: A Prospective Cohort Study // BioMed Research International. 2019. 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