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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2018-4-5-12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-336</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>РЕДАКЦИОННАЯ СТАТЬЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EDITORIAL</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВОЗМОЖНОСТИ МАГНИТНО-РЕЗОНАНСНОЙ ТОМОГРАФИИ В ДИАГНОСТИКЕ ИДИОПАТИЧЕСКОЙ НОРМОТЕНЗИВНОЙ ГИДРОЦЕФАЛИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>USING OF ROUTINE MRI SEQUENCES FOR EVALUATION OF IDIOPATHIC NORMAL PRESSURE HYDROCEPHALUS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилов</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>докторант кафедры нейрохирургии,</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 4/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Станишевский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stanishevskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>клинический ординатор клиники нейрохирургии,</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 4/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a-stan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гайдар</surname><given-names>Б. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gaydar</surname><given-names>B. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>академик РАМН, доктор медицинских наук, профессор кафедры и клиники нейрохирургии,</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 4/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Свистов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Svistov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент, главный нейрохирург МО РФ начальник кафедры нейрохирургии,</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 4/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Адлейба</surname><given-names>Б. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Adleyba</surname><given-names>B. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>курсант V курса факультета подготовки врачей,</p><p>194044, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Академика Лебедева, д. 4/2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St.-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Военно-медицинская академия им. С. М. Кирова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>S. M. Kirov Military Medical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>01</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврилов Г.В., Станишевский А.В., Гайдар Б.В., Свистов Д.В., Адлейба Б.Г., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврилов Г.В., Станишевский А.В., Гайдар Б.В., Свистов Д.В., Адлейба Б.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilov G.V., Stanishevskiy A.V., Gaydar B.V., Svistov D.V., Adleyba B.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/336">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/336</self-uri><abstract><p>Идиопатическая нормотензивная гидроцефалия (синдром Хакима-Адамса, иНТГ) — хроническое заболевание головного мозга, возникающее у пожилых пациентов, характеризующееся расширением желудочков мозга и проявляющееся триадой симптомов: шаткостью походки, деменцией и нарушением мочеиспускания. иНТГ является значимой медицинской и социальной проблемой, актуальность ее непрерывно возрастает в связи с увеличением доли пожилых в популяции. Важной чертой нормотензивной гидроцефалии является обратимость проявлений при своевременном хирургическом лечении. Нерешенной остается проблема дифференциальной диагностики иНТГ с другими нейродегенеративными заболеваниями и определение группы пациентов, у которых выполнение ликворошунтирующей операции приведет к регрессу неврологической симптоматики. С этой целью рядом авторов предложены различные нейровизуализационные критерии и симптомы. Оценка специфических МР-проявлений нормотензивной гидроцефалии повышает точность диагностики и позволяет в части случаев избежать необходимости применения инвазивных процедур (тап-теста, инфузионно-нагрузочного теста, наружного дренирования ликвора, суточного мониторинга ВЧД и др.), снижая риск осложнений, длительность пребывания в стационаре и вызванный этими манипуляциями дискомфорт. Использование в практике наиболее характерных для иНТГ нейровизуализационных симптомов позволяет перенести значительную часть нагрузки по отбору кандидатов для выполнения ликворошунтирующих операций на амбулаторный этап, сокращая длительность пребывания пациентов в стационаре.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: систематизация сведений о специфических нейровизуализационных симптомах, характерных для идиопатической нормотензивной гидроцефалии, выделении простых в оценке и прогностически значимых критериев иНТГ.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск в интернет-ресурсах PubMed, Google Scholar и Cochrane Library по ключевым словам «normal pressure hydrocephalus», «neuroimaging», «magnetic resonance imaging», «computed tomography, radiological symptoms». Дополнительно использовались ссылки из категории References найденных оригинальных источников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Определены наиболее значимые нейровизуализационные критерии, обладающие диагностической и прогностической ценностью в отношении идиопатической нормотензивной гидроцефалии. К ним относятся: индекс Эванса, DESH-синдром, расширение височных рогов, величина «каллезного угла», наличие признаков перивентрикулярного отёка, расширение периваскулярных пространств, локальное расширение боковых щелей и борозд на конвекситальной поверхности полушарий головного мозга. Их комплексная оценка позволяет увеличить точность диагностики и прогнозирования исхода ликворошунтирующей операции, а также в ряде случаев избежать необходимости применения инвазивных диагностических процедур.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. В обзоре показаны преимущества комплексной оценки перечисленных признаков, а также необходимость выработки единого протокола обследования пациентов и формирования показаний к оперативному лечению. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (Hakim-Adams syndrome, iNPH) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of elderly associated with ventricular expansion, and characterized by gait disturbance, mental deterioration, and urinary incontinence. It becomes more important with increasing of elderly part of population. Important feature of iNPH is it’s reversibility in case of early surgical treatment. One of the main problem is the differential diagnosis between iNPH and other neurodegenerative diseases and detection of patients which would be most benefit with shunting. In this purpose a number of radiological symptoms and signs have been proposed. Assessment of MR symptoms of iNPH increases the accuracy of diagnosis and allows in some cases to avoid the necessity of invasive diagnostic procedures (e.g. tap-test, infusion test, external lumbar drainage, ICP monitoring etc.) with lower risk of complications, less duration of treatment and minimizing negative personal experience. At the same time, assessing of most sensitive iNPH radiological symptoms allows to evolve candidates for shunting at prehospital stage and reduce the duration of treatment.</p><sec><title>Background and purpose</title><p>Background and purpose: systematization and synthesis of data on radiological symptoms of iNPH in order to identify most simple and at the same time significant diagnostic and prognostic criteria.</p></sec><sec><title>Matherials and methods</title><p>Matherials and methods. The search was performed in PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library by key words «normal pressure hydrocephalus», «neuroimaging», «magnetic resonance imaging», «computed tomography, radiological symptoms». In addition, data from references were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. Most specific and sensitive radiological criteria for diagnosis of iNPH are following: Evans index, DESH, temporal horns dilation, callosal angle, periventricular edema, perivascular spaces dilation and local sulci dilation. Complex assessment of this symptoms increases diagnostic accuracy and in some cases allows to avoid the necessity of invasive diagnostic procedures. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>идиопатическая нормотензивная гидроцефалия</kwd><kwd>лучевая диагностика</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная отмография</kwd><kwd>синдром Хакима-Адамса</kwd><kwd>желудочки головного мозга</kwd><kwd>индекс Эванса</kwd><kwd>DESH-синдром</kwd><kwd>каллезный угол</kwd><kwd>предиктор</kwd><kwd>прогностический фактор</kwd><kwd>вентрикулоперитонеальное шунтирование</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus</kwd><kwd>diagnostics</kwd><kwd>radiology</kwd><kwd>Hakim-Adams syndrome</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>ventricles</kwd><kwd>Evans index</kwd><kwd>DESH</kwd><kwd>callosal angle</kwd><kwd>prognosis</kwd><kwd>ventriculoperitoneal shunting</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Del Brutto O.H., Mera R.M., Gladstone D., Sarmiento-Bobadilla M., Cagino K., Zambrano M., Costa A.F., Sedler M.J. 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