<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2020-11-3-73-81</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-549</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ВНУТРИ- И МЕЖИССЛЕДОВАТЕЛЬСКАЯ ВОСПРОИЗВОДИМОСТЬ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЕЙ ЛИНЕЙНЫХ РАЗМЕРОВ ПЕЧЕНИ ПРИ УЛЬТРАЗВУКОВОМ ИССЛЕДОВАНИИ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>INTRA- AND INTER-RESEARCH REPRODUCIBILITY OF LINEAR LIVER MEASUREMENTSBY ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5450-6272</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанян</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanyan</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>аспирант и ассистент кафедры фундаментальной медицины Медицинского института; врач ультразвуковой диагностики; </p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. А.Невского, д. 14</p><p>236006, Калининград, ул. Фрунзе, д. 48</p><p>SPIN-код: 1457–1395</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">lublumedicinu@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6440-5889</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Изранов</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Izranov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой фундаментальной медицины Медицинского института; врач ультразвуковой диагностики </p><p>236016, г. Калининград, ул. А.Невского, д. 14</p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. 9 Апреля, д. 60</p><p>SPIN-код: 3797–3647</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">izranov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5109-9862</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>кандидат медицинских наук, доцент кафедры фундаментальной медицины Медицинского института </p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. А.Невского, д. 14</p><p>SPIN-код: 2527–1634 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">crataegi@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6790-8222</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белецкая</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beleckaya</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>врач-эндокринолог, врач ультразвуковой диагностики, аспирант кафедры фундаментальной медицины Медицинского института</p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. А.Невского, д. 14</p><p>SPIN-код: 4149–1790 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">mariyabel@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9653-0959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанян</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanyan</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>студент VI курса Медицинского института</p><p>236016, Калининград, ул. А.Невского, д. 14</p><p>SPIN-код: 3628–8111 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"/><email xlink:type="simple">nomen.medici@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта;&#13;
Инфекционная больница Калининградской области</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University;&#13;
Infectious diseases hospital of the Kaliningrad region</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта;&#13;
Клинико-диагностический центр Балтийского Федерального университета имени Иммануила Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University;&#13;
Clinico diagnostic center of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Балтийский федеральный университет имени Иммануила Канта</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>09</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>81</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Степанян И.А., Изранов В.А., Гордова В.С., Белецкая М.А., Степанян С.А., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Степанян И.А., Изранов В.А., Гордова В.С., Белецкая М.А., Степанян С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepanyan I.A., Izranov V.A., Gordova V.S., Beleckaya M.A., Stepanyan S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/549">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/549</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Гепатомегалия представляет собой наиболее частое и легко определяемое, порой единственное проявление хронических заболеваний печени. Однако объективная оценка размеров печени при ультразвуковом исследовании является сложной задачей.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: дать оценку внутри- и межисследовательской воспроизводимости линейных измерений печени при ультразвуковом исследовании.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Для изучения воспроизводимости измерений печени каждый пациент был обследован двумя врачами ультразвуковой диагностики. Каждым врачом проводилось 24 измерения печени по два раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Показатели средних погрешностей по всем измерениям левой доли для врача, имеющего больший опыт работы, колеблются от 4 до 13,5%, а для врача с меньшим опытом работы — от 5 до 22%. При исследовании правой доли показатели средних погрешностей для обоих врачей не превышают 10%. </p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. При измерении линейных размеров левой доли печени наиболее воспроизводимым является переднезадний размер, а при измерении линейных размеров правой доли — максимальный краниокаудальный размер. Мы рекомендуем проводить измерения правой доли печени по передней подмышечной линии из-за меньшей выпуклости грудной клетки, что позволяет установить датчик параллельно сагиттальной плоскости. </p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Hepatomegaly is the most frequent and easily detectable, sometimes the only chronic liver disease symptom. An objective assessment of liver size with ultrasound is complex.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To assess the intra- and inter-research reproducibility of ultrasound liver linear measurements.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. To study the reproducibility of liver measurements, each patient was examined by two specialists of ultrasound diagnostics performing 24 liver measurements twice.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The average errors for all left lobe measurements for more experienced doctor vary from 4 to 13,5% and  for less experienced — from 5 to 22%. When examining the right lobe, the average errors for both sonographers  don’t exceed 10%.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The anteroposterior size of the left lobe and maximum craniocaudal size of the right lobe are the most reproducible. We recommend obtain liver measurements of the right lobe at the anterior axillary line due to the lower bulge of the chest, which allows the transducer to be installed parallel to the sagittal plane. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ультразвуковая диагностика</kwd><kwd>печень</kwd><kwd>линейные измерения печени</kwd><kwd>воспроизводимость результатов измерений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultrasound diagnostics</kwd><kwd>liver</kwd><kwd>linear measurements of the liver</kwd><kwd>reproducibility of measurement results</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moon M. A., Singal A.G., Tapper E. B. Contemporary Epidemiology of Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis // Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2019. Aug. 8. Р. 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.060.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moon M. A., Singal A.G., Tapper E. B. Contemporary Epidemiology of Chronic Liver Disease and Cirrhosis // Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2019. Aug. 8. Р. 1–16. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2019.07.060.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tapper E.B., Parikh N.D. Mortality due to cirrhosis and liver cancer in the United States, 1999–2016: observational study // BMJ. 2018. Vol. 362, k2817. Р. 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2817.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tapper E.B., Parikh N.D. Mortality due to cirrhosis and liver cancer in the United States, 1999–2016: observational study // BMJ. 2018. Vol. 362, k2817. Р. 1–11. doi: 10.1136/bmj.k2817.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Surasi D.S.S., Jazbeh S., Nicek Z.S., Zanabria R.G., Wells R.T., Patel A., Alhyari L., Wagner J.M. Utility of longitudinal measurement of the liver with ultrasound in comparison to computed tomography liver volume in assessing hepatomegaly // Ultrasound. Quarterly. Sep 11, p. 1–6. doi: 10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Surasi D.S.S., Jazbeh S., Nicek Z.S., Zanabria R.G., Wells R.T., Patel A., Alhyari L., Wagner J.M. Utility of longitudinal measurement of the liver with ultrasound in comparison to computed tomography liver volume in assessing hepatomegaly // Ultrasound. Quarterly. Sep 11, p. 1–6. doi: 10.1097/RUQ.0000000000000472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gupta A., Das A., Majumder K., Arora N., Mayo H.G., Singh P.P., Beg M.S., Singh S. Obesity is independently associated with increased risk of hepatocellular cancer–related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 2017. Vol. 41 (9). Р. 874–881. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gupta A., Das A., Majumder K., Arora N., Mayo H.G., Singh P.P., Beg M.S., Singh S. Obesity is independently associated with increased risk of hepatocellular cancer–related mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis // Am. J. Clin. Oncol. 2017. Vol. 41 (9). Р. 874–881. doi: 10.1097/COC.0000000000000388.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Traversy G., Chaput J.P. Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update // Curr. Obes. Rep. 2015. Vol. 4 (1). Р. 122–130. doi: 10.1007/s13679-014-0129-4.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Traversy G., Chaput J.P. Alcohol consumption and obesity: an update // Curr. Obes. Rep. 2015. Vol. 4 (1). Р. 122–130. doi: 10.1007/s13679-014-0129-4.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu L., Jiang J., Zhai X., Baecker A., Peng H., Qian J., Zhou M., Song C., Zhou Y., Xu J., Liu H., Hang D., Hu Z., Shen H., Zhang Z.F., Zhu F. Hepatitis B virus infection and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study // Liver Int. 2019. Vol. 39 (1). Р. 70–80. doi: 10.1111/liv.13933.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu L., Jiang J., Zhai X., Baecker A., Peng H., Qian J., Zhou M., Song C., Zhou Y., Xu J., Liu H., Hang D., Hu Z., Shen H., Zhang Z.F., Zhu F. Hepatitis B virus infection and risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a population-based cohort study // Liver Int. 2019. Vol. 39 (1). Р. 70–80. doi: 10.1111/liv.13933.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fedeli U., Schievano E., Lisiero M., Avossa F., Mastrangelo G., Saugo M. Descriptive epidemiology of chronic liver disease in northeastern Italy: an analysis of multiple causes of death // Popul Health Metr. 2013. Vol. 11 (20). Р. 1–7. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-11-20.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fedeli U., Schievano E., Lisiero M., Avossa F., Mastrangelo G., Saugo M. Descriptive epidemiology of chronic liver disease in northeastern Italy: an analysis of multiple causes of death // Popul Health Metr. 2013. Vol. 11 (20). Р. 1–7. doi: 10.1186/1478-7954-11-20.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mokdad A.A., Lopez A.D., Shahraz S., Lozano R., Mokdad A.H., Stanaway J., Murray C.J., Naghavi M. Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis // BMCMed. 2014. Vol. 12 (145). Р. 1–24.doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0145-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mokdad A.A., Lopez A.D., Shahraz S., Lozano R., Mokdad A.H., Stanaway J., Murray C.J., Naghavi M. Liver cirrhosis mortality in 187 countries between 1980 and 2010: a systematic analysis // BMCMed. 2014. Vol. 12 (145). Р. 1–24.doi: 10.1186/s12916-014-0145-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Билалова А.Р., Макашова В.В. Клинико-лабораторная характеристика хронических гепатитов и циррозов печени различной этиологии // Архивъ внутренней медицины. 2015. № 2 (22). С. 8–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bilalova A.R., Makashova V.V. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis of different etiology. The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine, 2015, No. 2 (22), рр. 8–14 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. Global hepatitis report. 2017. Р. 1–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. Global hepatitis report. 2017. Р. 1–72.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Estes C., Razavi H., Loomba R., Younossi Z., Sanyal A.J. Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease // Hepatology. 2018. Vol. 67 (1). Р. 123–133. doi: 10.1002/hep.29466</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Estes C., Razavi H., Loomba R., Younossi Z., Sanyal A.J. Modeling the epidemic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease demonstrates an exponential increase in burden of disease // Hepatology. 2018. Vol. 67 (1). Р. 123–133. doi: 10.1002/hep.29466</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Walas M.K., Skoczylas K., Gierbliński I. Errors and mistakes in the ultrasound diagnostics of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts // J. Ultrason. 2012. Vol. 12 (51). Р. 446–462. doi: 10.15557/JoU.2012.0032.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Walas M.K., Skoczylas K., Gierbliński I. Errors and mistakes in the ultrasound diagnostics of the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts // J. Ultrason. 2012. Vol. 12 (51). Р. 446–462. doi: 10.15557/JoU.2012.0032.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Godskesen L., Abildgaard N., Kjeldsen J., Krag A. A rare cause of severe hepatomegaly with an improving outcome // BMJ Case Rep. 2014. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-203360.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Godskesen L., Abildgaard N., Kjeldsen J., Krag A. A rare cause of severe hepatomegaly with an improving outcome // BMJ Case Rep. 2014. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2013-203360.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Childs L., Dow C. Allopurinol-induced hepatomegaly // BMJ Case Rep. 2012. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012–007283.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Childs L., Dow C. Allopurinol-induced hepatomegaly // BMJ Case Rep. 2012. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2012–007283.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Linguraru M.G., Sandberg J.K., Jones E.C., Petrick N., Summers R.M. Assessing Hepatomegaly: Automated Volumetric Analysis of the Liver // Acad Radiol. 2012. Vol. 19 (5). Р. 588– 598. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2012.01.015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Linguraru M.G., Sandberg J.K., Jones E.C., Petrick N., Summers R.M. Assessing Hepatomegaly: Automated Volumetric Analysis of the Liver // Acad Radiol. 2012. Vol. 19 (5). Р. 588– 598. doi: 10.1016/j.acra.2012.01.015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vezozzo D.C., Mendes-Correa M.C., Cunha-Silva M., Alvarado-Mora M.V., França J.Í., Sebba J.L., Nicodemo A.C., Oliveira C.P., Carrilho F.J. Strong correlation by ultrasonography of hepatomegaly and the presence of co-infection in HIV/HCV cirrhotic patients // Braz. J. Infect Dis. 2013. Vol. 17 (2). Р. 150–155. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.09.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vezozzo D.C., Mendes-Correa M.C., Cunha-Silva M., Alvarado-Mora M.V., França J.Í., Sebba J.L., Nicodemo A.C., Oliveira C.P., Carrilho F.J. Strong correlation by ultrasonography of hepatomegaly and the presence of co-infection in HIV/HCV cirrhotic patients // Braz. J. Infect Dis. 2013. Vol. 17 (2). Р. 150–155. doi: 10.1016/j.bjid.2012.09.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бабушкина Г.Д., Кирьянова Н.В., Михайловская Л.В., Голубева М.Е., Петухова И.В. К вопросу о дифференциальной диагностике гепатолиенального синдрома. Клиническое наблюдение // Пермский медицинский журнал. 2015. № 32 (2). С. 91–97.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Babushkina G.D., Kiryanova N.V., Mikhailovskaya L.V., Golubeva M.E., Petukhova I.V. To the problem of differential diagnosis of hepatolienal syndrome. Clinical observation. Perm Medical Journal, 2015, No 32 (2), рр. 91–97 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 // Lancet. 2018. Vol. 392 (10159). Р. 1789–1858. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GBD 2017 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 // Lancet. 2018. Vol. 392 (10159). Р. 1789–1858. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чаплыгина Е.В., Губарь А.С., Климова С.И., Литвинова Л.В. Зависимость объема печени от соматотипа и пола обследуемого // Фундаментальные исследования. 2013. № 7 (2). С. 445–450.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaplygina E.V., Gubar A.S., Klimova S.I., Litvinova L.V. The dependence of volume of the liver from somatotype and gender of the patient. Fundamental medicine, 2013, No. 7 (2), рр. 445–450 (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чаплыгина Е.В., Губарь А.С. Значения линейных параметров печени в связи с типом телосложения обследуемых лиц // Морфология. 2014. № 9 (4). С. 356–359. doi: 10.14300/mnnc.2014.09099.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chaplygina E.V., Gubar A.S. Connection linear parameters of liver with individual somatotype. Morphology, 2014, Vol. 9 (4), рр. 356–359 (In Russ.). doi: 10.14300/mnnc.2014.09099.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Özmen Z., Aktaş F., Özmen Z.C., Almus E., Demir O. Ultrasound Measurement of Liver Longitudinal Length in a North Anatolian Population: A Community based Study // Niger. J. Clin. Pract. 2018. Vol. 21 (5). Р. 653–657. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_68_17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Özmen Z., Aktaş F., Özmen Z.C., Almus E., Demir O. Ultrasound Measurement of Liver Longitudinal Length in a North Anatolian Population: A Community based Study // Niger. J. Clin. Pract. 2018. Vol. 21 (5). Р. 653–657. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_68_17.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silva R.M., Pereira R.B., Siqueira M.V. Correlation between clinical evaluation of liver size versus ultrasonography evaluation according to body mass index (BMI) and biotypes // Rev. Med. Chil. 2010. Vol. 138 (12). Р. 1495–1501. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872010001300004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Silva R.M., Pereira R.B., Siqueira M.V. Correlation between clinical evaluation of liver size versus ultrasonography evaluation according to body mass index (BMI) and biotypes // Rev. Med. Chil. 2010. Vol. 138 (12). Р. 1495–1501. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872010001300004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Childs J.T., Esterman A.J., Thoirs K.A., Turner R.C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: a simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. Р. 47–52.doi: 10.1002/sono.12051.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Childs J.T., Esterman A.J., Thoirs K.A., Turner R.C. Ultrasound in the assessment of hepatomegaly: a simple technique to determine an enlarged liver using reliable and valid measurements // Sonography. 2016. Vol. 3. Р. 47–52.doi: 10.1002/sono.12051.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stepanyan I.A., Izranov V.A., Gordova V.S., Beletskaya M.A., Stepanyan S.A. The dependence of the results of the calculation of the volume of the liver according to the formula J.T. Childs on the choice of access points and depth of breathing // Virchows Archiv-European Journal of Pathology. 2019. Vol. 475 (1). Р. 299. doi: 10.1007/s00428-019-02631-8.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stepanyan I.A., Izranov V.A., Gordova V.S., Beletskaya M.A., Stepanyan S.A. The dependence of the results of the calculation of the volume of the liver according to the formula J.T. Childs on the choice of access points and depth of breathing // Virchows Archiv-European Journal of Pathology. 2019. Vol. 475 (1). Р. 299. doi: 10.1007/s00428-019-02631-8.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dietrich C.F., Tuma J., Badea R. Ultrasound of the liver. EFSUMB — European Course Book. Student Edition. 2013. Р. 1–64.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dietrich C.F., Tuma J., Badea R. Ultrasound of the liver. EFSUMB — European Course Book. Student Edition. 2013. Р. 1–64.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
