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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ldt</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Лучевая диагностика и терапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Diagnostic radiology and radiotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-5343</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Baltic Medical Education Center</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.22328/2079-5343-2022-13-3-18-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ldt-751</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL RESEARCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кистозная трансформация шишковидной железы (лучевая анатомия и варианты строения эпифиза): проспективное исследование</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Cystic transformation of the pineal gland (radiation anatomy and epiphysis cerebri structural variants): a prospective study</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5413-9460</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шилова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shilova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шилова Анастасия Витальевна — врач-рентгенолог рентгеновского отделения.</p><p>192019, СанктПетербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasia V. Shilova  — radiologist of the radiological department.</p><p>192019, St. Petersburg, Bekhtereva st., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">stasya.parf@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7087-0437</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ананьева</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ananyeva</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ананьева Наталия Исаевна — доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующий отделением лучевой диагностики.</p><p>192019, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3; 199034, Санкт-Петербург, Университетская набережная, д. 7–9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia I. Ananyeva — Dr. of Sci. (Med.), professor, Head of the radiological Department.</p><p>192019, St. Petersburg, Bekhtereva st., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ananieva_n@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8500-7268</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukinа</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукина Лариса Викторовна — кандидат медицинских наук, старший научный сотрудник, руководитель отделения нейровизуализационных исследований.</p><p>192019, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Бехтерева, д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Larisa V. Lukina — Cand. of Sci. (Med.), Senior Researcher.</p><p>192019, St. Petersburg, Bekhtereva st., 3</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">larisalu@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М. Бехтерева</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр психиатрии и неврологии имени В.М.Бехтерева; Научно-клинический и образовательный центр Лучевая диагностика и ядерная медицина, Институт высоких медицинских технологий, Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>V.M. Bekhterev National Medical Research Center for Psychiatry and Neurology; Scientiﬁc, Clinical and Educational Center for Radiation Diagnostics and Nuclear Medicine, Institute of High Medical Technologies, St. Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>19</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шилова А.В., Ананьева Н.И., Лукина Л.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шилова А.В., Ананьева Н.И., Лукина Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shilova A.V., Ananyeva N.I., Lukinа L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/751">https://radiag.bmoc-spb.ru/jour/article/view/751</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>ВВЕДЕНИЕ</title><p>ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Кисты эпифиза являются частой находкой при проведении МР-исследований, и их генез до сих пор четко не описан в научной литературе. Выдвинута теория, согласно которой неокклюзирующие кисты могут сдавливать глубинные вены головного мозга, что может приводить к внутричерепной гипертензии.</p></sec><sec><title>ЦЕЛЬ</title><p>ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение МР-семиотики вариантов строения эпифиза.</p></sec><sec><title>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ</title><p>МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: 48 добровольцам было выполнено МР-исследование на магнитном томографе Toshiba Exelart Vantage с силой магнитного поля 1,5 Т для оценки наличия МР-маркеров центральной венозной гипертензии с учетом морфологического варианта строения эпифиза и выставлена категория на основе посчитанных пластинчато-валико-кистозного и таламического коэффициентов. Участники исследования были разделены на три группы: 1-я группа — без кисты эпифиза, 2-я группа — с кистой менее 10 мм, 3-я группа — с крупной кистой более 10 мм.</p></sec><sec><title>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ</title><p>РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: На основании полученных коэффициентов tectum-splenium-cyst и коэффициента ADC было выявлено, что в группе добровольцев с кистами более 10 мм в группы повышенного риска развития центральной венозной гипертензии (категория 3 и 4) попали 8 из 15 человек. Пациенты с 4 категорией имели самый узкий просвет водопровода (1,1–1,2 мм). Во 2-й группе, у лиц с кистой эпифиза менее 10 мм, признаков стеноза водопровода и компрессии тектальной пластинки выявлено не было. В 3-й группе, у лиц без кисты эпифиза, также не было выявлено признаков стеноза водопровода и компрессии тектальной пластинки, однако 3 категория была выставлена 8 добровольцам, что может быть связано с иными причинами нарушения венозного оттока.</p></sec><sec><title>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ</title><p>ЗАКЛЮЧЕНИЕ: Крупная киста эпифиза встречается у пациентов более молодого возраста, а наличие у них сужения водопровода и повышенного риска венозной гипертензии может обусловливать клинические проявления в виде головных болей, головокружений и нарушений сна. При предъявлении пациентами соответствующих жалоб выставление категории на основании DWI и SSFP является дополнительным критерием, отражающим степень воздействия кисты эпифиза на прилежащие структуры.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>INTRODUCTION</title><p>INTRODUCTION: Pineal cysts are a common finding on brain MRI, but their which remains unclear. A theory has been put forward that non-occlusive cysts can compress the deep cerebral veins, leading to intracranial hypertension.</p></sec><sec><title>OBJECTIVE</title><p>OBJECTIVE: Тo study the variant MRI appearance of the pineal gland.</p></sec><sec><title>MATERIALS AND METHODS</title><p>MATERIALS AND METHODS: 48 volunteers underwent an MRI examination using a 1.5 T Toshiba Exelart Vantage device to assess the presence of MRI signs of central venous hypertension, taking into account the morphological variants of the pineal gland structure, and a category was assigned based on the calculated tectum-splenium-cyst ratio and thalamic coefficient. The mean age of men was 41.27±4.63, of women — 31.5±2.58 years. The study participants were divided into three groups: the 1st group — no pineal cyst, the 2nd group — pineal cyst less than 10 mm, the 3rd group —a cyst larger than 10 mm.</p></sec><sec><title>RESULTS</title><p>RESULTS: Based on the obtained tectum-splenium-cyst ratios and the ADC coefficient, it was found that in the volunteer group with cysts larger than 10 mm, 8 out of 15 people were at increased risk of developing central venous hypertension (categories 3 and 4). Category 4 patients had the narrowest aqueduct (1.1–1.2 mm). In the 2nd group, in persons with a pineal cyst less than 10 mm, there were no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression. In the 3rd group, in persons without a pineal cyst, there were also no signs of aqueductal stenosis or tectal plate compression, however, category 3 was assigned to 8 volunteers, which may be due to other causes of venous outflow impairment.</p></sec><sec><title>CONCLUSION</title><p>CONCLUSION: A large pineal cysts occur in younger patients, and in the presence of aqueductal narrowing and an increased risk of venous hypertension may cause clinical manifestations such as headaches, dizziness, and sleep disturbances. When patients present with relevant complaints, categorization based on DWI and SSFP is an additional criterion that reflects the degree of impact of the pineal cyst on adjacent structures. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эпифиз</kwd><kwd>шишковидная железа</kwd><kwd>магнитно-резонансная томография</kwd><kwd>МРТ</kwd><kwd>киста</kwd><kwd>мелатонин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>pineal gland</kwd><kwd>epiphysis cerebri</kwd><kwd>magnetic resonance imaging</kwd><kwd>MRI</kwd><kwd>cyst</kwd><kwd>melatonin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ананьева Н.И., Ежова Р.В., Гальсман И.Е., Давлетханова М.А., Ростовцева Т.М., Стулов И.К., Вассерман Л.И., Шмелева Л.М., Чуйкова А.В., Сорокина А.В., Иванов М.В. Гиппокамп: лучевая анатомия, варианты строения // Лучевая диагностика и терапия. 2015. № 1. С. 39–44. 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