Maxilla participation in the formation of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and dentoalveolar apparatus determines the high frequency of lesions and features of the pathogenesis, clinical picture and treatment of patients with infectious and inflammatory diseases of the central zone of the facial part of the head. This requires a doctor interdisciplinary thinking and interdisciplinary collaboration when addressing issues of differential diagnosis, planning and realization of treatment and rehabilitation measures. The results of comprehensive clinical and ray examination and treatment of 798 patients with focal infection of the facial skull allowed to identify three clinical forms of inflammatory diseases: rhinogenous, odontogenic, mixed.

Computed tomography is required as a rhinologic patients preoperative evaluation method and allows to assess the topographical features of anatomical structures. The study developed an algorithm for assessing the patients pterygopalatine canal clinical anatomy to improve the efficiency and sefety of the pterygopalatine ganglion and the maxillary nerve blockade. We present the result of 100 pterygopalatine canals evaluation using cone-beam computed tomography. The results are compared with those of similar studies.

The X-ray and spiral computed tomography pictures of patients with zygomatico-orbito-maxillary coplex fractures accompanied by damage of the maxillary sinus walls were analyzed. Residual displacement and emergence of hemosinus after close reduction and after open reduction with internal fixation were compaired. Radiography could be used as a screening for detection of indication for surgery. Computed tomography should be a regular method of postoperative diagnostic to evaluate sinus pneumatisation and anomalies of ostio-meatal unit.

The report is dedicated to the fungal rhinosinusitis. The article describes the role of three-dimension computed tomography in diagnostic and planning maxillary sinus approach in case fungus ball.

The article presents the possibility of 3D-computer tomography in the diagnosis of the paranasal sinuses osteoma, the results of surgical treatment in 34 patients.

The article presents the possibility of an electromagnetic navigation system during endoscopic endonasal removal of the frontal sinus osteomas, the possibility of intraoperative monitoring of doing surgery, and postoperative analysis.

16 patients with recurrent polyposis rhinosinusitis and bronchial asthma operated with radio-frequency knife and laser, and 12 patients with polyposis rhinosinusitis and bronchial asthma operated by FESS were examined. Computered tomography results evaluated according to optical density of image and produced criteria Densitometry analysis cannot reveal a type of maxillary sinus content. Digital analysis of computer-aided tomography did not reveal relapse prevalence and method of operation correlation.

Nasal valve region plays a key role in the formation of an adequate intranasal aerodynamics, regulating the air flow and nasal resistance. The research of the anatomy in patients before any surgical intervention aimed at alleviating nasal obstruction is mandatory. Cone-beam computed tomography is one of the leading methods in the study of the nasal valve dysfunction. This technique allows you to get high-quality image with minimal exposure to the patient, to choose the optimal surgical approach, to determine the sequence of steps in the process of operation.

This article presents the capabilities of computer tomography in the diagnosis and treatment algorithm combine pathology (acute sinusitis, acute otitis media, Eustachian tube dysfunction).

Specificity and sensitivity of computed tomography in diagnosis of primary laryngeal cancer, recurrence after surgery or radiation treatment vary depending on the location of the tumor and its growth pattern. Tumor CT signs suggested by radiologists have ambiguous interpretation due to the complex laryngeal anatomy and its relationship with the surrounding tissues. Our study included 31 patients with laryngeal cancer (9 women and 22 men aged 25 to 77 years) who were treated the ENT department of First Pavlov State Medical University of Saint Petersburg. 26 patients had primary tumor, 5 - recurrence after surgical treatment or chemoradiation. Patients’ CT scans were compared with intraoperative endoscopic and morphological findings. As a result, 8 out of 31 revealed a discrepancy between CT and operational findings and morphological study results. In 4 cases erroneous CT data was obtained in patients with primary tumors of the larynx (15,5%), and in 4 cases - with recurrent tumors (4 cases out of 5). Thus, spiral CT is mostly informative in diagnosis at late stages of laryngeal cancer in primary tumors, in recurrent tumors after surgery or radiation therapy its interpretation is difficult. In diagnosis of initial stages of laryngeal cancer laryngeal endoscopy showed superior sensitivity than CT-scan.

Modern endoscopic and radiologic diagnostics are complementary methods of examination of patients with chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea, and play an important role in selection of method and surgical treatment stages planning. However, the specificity and sensitivity of CT scan for different types and different localizing stenoses, radialogical methods can't give functional evaluation of the respiratory tract. In the ENT department of PSPSMA named after I.P. Pavlov for the period from 2002 to 2013 83 patients with primary cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and the upper third of trachea of various origins (42 men, 41 women aged 17 to 73 years) were carried. Comparative analysis of CT studies and intraoperative findings was provided in each case. Thin scar membranes and scarring of the trachea above the tracheostomy tube showed varying degrees of divergence of X-ray data with clinical data and fibrolaryngoscopy. Thus, the most informative in the diagnosis of chronic stenosis of the larynx and trachea is CT with slice no more than 1 mm, and only combination of CT-scan and functional endoscopic procedures can give the most complete and accurate picture of the extent and nature of cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and upper trachea.

This article presents a clinical case of a patient with combined pathology of acute rhinosinusitis and Wegener’s granulomatosis diseases. Have been characterized capabilities of computed tomography in the diagnosis of lesions of the paranasal sinuses in systemic processes.

Acute mastoiditis is the most frequent complication of acute otitis media and its early detection and treatment poses a problem together with potentially serious consequences. We present a clinical case of a 69-year-old patient, with acute mastoiditis and destructive changes of the left temporal bone. As a result apical mastoiditis and rare subperiosteal abscess zygomatic process of the temporal bone have developed. Intraopertive findings coincided completely with temporal bones computed tomography results.

On a material evaluation of patients with chronic generalized gingivitis and periodontal disease of varying severity studied the clinical picture and the three-dimensional computed tomographic semiotics of chronic generalized periodontitis of varying severity. Based on research data optimized treatment planning of various clinical forms of chronic periodontitis. First developed methodical features organic-oriented program multiplanar (bulk) cone-beam computed tomography in patients with pathology of periodontal tissues, including 3D CT parodontogrammu and analysis algorithm with the performance of CBCT dynamic densitometry diagnostically significant periodontal areas.

Multislice computed tomography (MSCT) is widely used in ear surgery. With the development of cone-beam CT technology it’s become possible to perform CT with comparable precision and facilitate positioning, lower radiation dose and getting primary three-dimensional image. Currently there is no algorithm of three-dimensional tomograms analysis of the temporal bone as part of preoperative preparation in middle ear surgery. A retrospective analysis of 118 temporal bones tomograms made on the cone-beam tomography was performed, from which 58 temporal bones from 32 individuals were selected for study, each of which was related to one of three comparison groups according to the type of pneumatization. Structures of the middle ear were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively (the depth of the antrum and the sigmoid sinus, antrum size, distance from the antrum to the sigmoid sinus, the presence of lateroposition and prelying sinus, bone wall thickness of the horizontal semicircular canal, facial canal near the aditus ad antrum, and the distance between them). Significant differences were found between anthropometric measurements, depending on the type of pneumatization and the presence of inflammatory changes in the temporal bone. The algorithm of three-dimensional tomograms of temporal bones analysis is proposed, which should be used in preoperative preparation and choosing of surgical access to the structures of middle ear.

This article examines the literature about possibilities of radiology in patients with snoring and obstructive sleep apnea in ENT and maxillofacial surgery in pediatric patients and adult ages.

Alveolar bone quality of the jaws plays a decisive role in the successful integration of dental implants. Changes in bone structure of the jaws directly depend on the age, state of the dental unit and reflect processes occurring throughout the skeleton, including systemic osteoporosis. The study is developed a method of determining radiomorphometric indices of the mandible (MI, MCI, PMI), correlated with bone mineral density of the axial skeleton, based on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A comparative analysis of the efficacy of CBCT and orthopantomography for index evaluation has been done.