Bronchial arteries form an important vascular system, which supplies bronchial tree, pulmonary parenchyma, lymph nodes and pleura and associated with multiple anastomoses with the pulmonary artery brunches. Good knowledge of the bronchial arteries anatomy is a prerequisite for understanding their possible pathological changes and ways of remodeling, which is extremely important for many pathological conditions. Analysis of the anatomical features and remodeling of bronchial arteries with using diagnostic imaging can be an important tool in understanding the development and prognosis of many diseases.

In our study we have analyzed MRI of mediobasal parts of temporal lobes in healthy volunteers based on medical literature and our experience. We have specified degree of incidence of different hippocampal anatomical variants in healthy controls. We have determined method of definition and volume evaluation of different hipocampal subfields.

The analysis of the PET images with 18F-fluorodezoxyglucose (18F-FDG) in children suffered from epilepsy with or without co-morbid developmental delay was performed. Decrease of the local glucose metabolic rate was revealed in superior frontal gyrus and angular gyrus bilaterally; in parahyppocampal, submarginal and inferior temporal gyri in the left hemisphere. It was also revealed that the local glucose metabolic rate in several cortical zones depends on the age of children. It is suggested that the revealed peculiarities of the glucose metabolism are related to the maturation deceleration of the cerebral cortex in epilepsy and developmental delay.

The results of the study show the possibilities of modern methods of radiodiagnosis (CT, SPECT, SPECT / MSCT) in the detection of early lung disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Analysis of the results of complex study of the patients proves, that: changes in the lung picture - the predominant radiological signs of lung disease in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), independent of the presence of extra-articular manifestations, and hemodynamic changes in the lungs are most evident in RA patients with radiological signs of interstitial pulmonary fibrosis and Bronchoobstructive disorders.

VB data analyzed 46 patients with lung cancer in 29 (63%) which was central, 12 (26%), peripheral and 5 (10.86%) peripheral with centralization. The study was conducted on 320-slise MDCT Toshiba’s Aquilion ONE’s with high resolution lung scan protocol and processed on a workstation with a program Vitrea FX 2.0. The sensitivity and specificity of the VB in determining tumor pathology of the trachea, intrabronchial changes were respectively 91,5 and 90%, similar to the data for the native MDCT were 81 and 91%. When combined analysis of VB data and MSCT sensitivity and specificity increased to 95,3 and 96,5%. Using the methods of obtaining the macrostructure tracheobronchial tree through image processing and receiving virtual bronchoscopy, the minimum intensity images, 3D images in a shaded and semi-permeable surfaces can significantly enhance the ability of MDCT in determining the diagnosis of malignant lesions, the prevalence of lung cancer in the bronchi and trachea. VB gives a clear idea of the nature of the spread of cancer. VB data to be analyzed in conjunction with the results of MPR and axial slices MDCT, which extends the capabilities of MDCT in the visual assessment of the tracheobronchial tree in cases of tumors, increases the sensitivity and specificity of CT data.

Background: lung cancer is a relevant problem of public health which takes first place among other cancer diseases according to its lethality rate in spite of certain success of chemo- and radiotherapy in combination with surgery. Basic techniques of effectiveness increase are early detection as well as overall examination which aim is detection, morphological verification and comprehensive assessment of the extent of tumorous lesions. Endosonography from esophagus lumen with fine-needle punction is a technique which is only starting to be used as an instrument of specializing diagnostics in lung cancer staging by N-criterion which is critical when deciding on tumor resectability. The following research was carried out taking into consideration few in number data about opportunities of this technique, its role and place in the diagnostic procedure with patients suffering from lung cancer. Research objective: to determine the role and the place of EUS-FNA in the examination procedure of patients suffering from lung cancer with development of lymphadenopathy of mediastinum. Research tasks: to assess the opportunities of EUS and EUS-FNA in visualization and assessment of the type of lymphadenopathy of mediastinum, to carry out comparative analysis of EUS and EUS-FNA effectiveness in comparison to computer-aided tomography and operating material morphological examination data. Results: the sensitivity and specificity of EUS-FNA in verification of lymphadenopathy make 80 per cent and 100 per cent, predicted positive value is 100 per cent, predicted negative value is 88 per cent.

In patients with coronary artery disease using techniques Teichholz and Simpson defined volumes and ejection fraction of the left ventricle (LV). In accordance with the recommendations of the ASE, in patients with the presence of zones of local contractility disturbances (NLS) LV Teyholtsa technique should not be used is established that in patients without DL zones or 1-2 zones akinesia techniques Simpson Teichholz good agreement. Patients with three zones akinesia and more measurements of LV volumes and EF % do not agree with each other.

Hepatic malformations are rare. We review the pathogenesis, morphology, classification, clinical presentation, and diagnosis of these malformations. We report a case of an accessory hepatic lobe masquerading as an abdominal tumor and detected with multilayer spiral CT and MRI. We discuss diagnostic signs as well as advantages and limitations of the two methods. The diagnosis was verified by pathology following an unconventional laparoscopic resection of the left hepatic lobe.

The tutorial covers the physical principles of ultrasound imaging and aspects of various tissues interpretation. The material is primarily intended to doctors who start studying ultrasound diagnostics and helps to learn how to interpret a normal ultrasound picture of the various organs and structures, and confidently diagnose various pathological changes.